Examinando por Materia "Depredación"

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    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Hormigas depredadoras de huevos de salivazo de los pastos Aeneolamia varia (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) en pasturas de Brachiaria, en los Llanos Orientales de Colombia.
    (2013-07-08) Medina U., Claudia Alejandra
    Este estudio documenta la depredación por hormigas sobre huevos y ninfas de Salivazo de los pastos (Aeneolamia varia), el cual infesta pasturas de Brachiaria. Varias especies de Solenopsis (Diplorhoptrum), Pheidole y Wasmannia llevaron mas del 90% de los huevos de Salivazo dispuestos en el suelo en la época seca, mientras que durante la época lluviosa la oferta de otras presas, como larvas de insectos, áfidos y otros insectos, mermó significativamente la depredación sobre los huevos de Salivazo. El porcentaje de huevos de Salivazo consumidos por Pheidole sp.1, Camponotus blandus y Ectatomma ruidum se evaluó poniendo masas de huevos alrededor de su nido y colectando en la entrada de éstos las presas llevadas por las hormigas durante una hora. C. blandus y Pheidole sp.1 mostraron el más alto consumo de huevos, y Pheidole sp.1 incrementó en un 28% la depredación sobre los huevos, cuando se duplicó el número de huevos de Salivazo alrededor de su nido.
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    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Predatory capacity of Cathartus quadricollis and Ahasverus advena (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) on Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) under laboratory conditions.
    (Universidad del Valle, 2018-12-31) Laiton J., Laura A.; Constantino, Luis Miguel; Benavides, Pablo; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, James
    The coffee berry borer (CBB) causes economic damage and quality deterioration of coffee. CBB reproduces inside the fruit that remain after harvesting. In Colombia, native predators have been reported attacking this pest, among them the coleopterans Ahasverus advena and Cathartus quadricollis. This study, which was carried out under lab conditions at Cenicafé, was evaluated the predation of these species on CBB. Adults and larvae of the two predator species were released in ratios of 1, 3 and 5 per infested coffee bean (the treatments) in four independent bioassays. The decrease in CBB populations inside the beans after establishing treatments (the response variables) was determined. The Experimental Units consisted of 10 infested coffee grains observed over 18 days with three infesting holes inside a glass container where the four treatments were applied under a completely randomized design with ten replicates. An absolute control without predators was used for each bioassay. A. advena adults and larvae significantly decreased CBB up to 63.2 % and 42.3 % with respect to the control, presenting a higher predation capacity when three predators per grain were released. In addition, C. quadricollis decreased CBB population up to 46.2 % and 69 % when three adults and five larvae per grain were released, respectively.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Quantitative biological response of two predators (Heteroptera: Notonectidae) in the larval control of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).
    (Universidad del Valle, 2021-07-22) Ayala Sulca, Yuri Oliver; Colos Galindo, Percy; Portal Quicaña, Edwin; Ibarra Juárez, Luis; Cóndor Alarcón, Reynán; Carrasco Badajoz, Carlos; Ramírez, Rina; Montoya Lerma, James
    Predation is a biotic factor that influences the structure and functioning of ecosystems, its effect can be quantified through functional (FR) and numerical response in a successful-invasion context. We use FR to understand the coevolutionary relationships, and measured the biological response of the predators Notonecta peruviana and Buenoa fasciata in the control of fourth-stage larvae of Aedes aegypti (F1) at different densities (5, 10, 20, 35, 55 and 80 larvae / liter). Fasting predators (48 hours) were introduced to the test containers (one individual per species) and the FR, the number of preys consumed (Ne), the attack coefficient (a) and handling time (Th). N. peruviana and B. fasciata developed a type II FR in the consumption of larvae of Ae. aegypti (p ≤ 0.01), and occupied close handling times (Th) (t = –1.93; df = 12; p = 0.078). N. peruviana preyed (Ne) twice as many larvae of Ae. aegypti (p ≤ 0.05) and showed a higher attack coefficient (a) in relation to B. fasciata (t = 14.92; df = 12; p = 0.000). The predators N. peruviana and B. fasciata rapidly destabilized and consumed the preys. N. peruviana preyed twice as many larvae, attributable to the recent predator-prey effect compared to the possible coevolutionary adjustment between B. fasciata and Ae. aegypti. It would be important to consider the predator species in the vector control programs for aedine mosquitoes.