Resumen en español

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo para determinar factores de riesgo y descubrimiento precoz de enfermedades, acciones de mantenimiento de la salud, dentro del programa de Promoción y Prevención. A un total de 665 personas aparentemente sanas y asintomáticas se les hicieron exámenes estandarizados de glicemia, colesterol, HDL, triglicéridos, serología (VDRL), antígeno prostático (PSA), citología vaginal, examen de mama, toma de tensión arterial (TA), peso, índice de masa corporal (IMC). Los participantes se discriminaron así: empleados, 290 (43.6%); docentes, 166 (25.2%); trabajadores, 193 (29%); y jubilados, 16 (2.4%). Los resultados de este estudio muestran una prevalencia alta de factores de riesgo cardiovascular y factores de riesgo para cáncer de cérvix, mama y próstata en la población estudiada. A mayor edad y mayor peso se observó una asociación significativa con la hipertensión arterial sistólica aislada lo cual es un factor de riesgo alto para enfermedad coronaria y accidente cerebrovascular. El mantenimiento de la salud en el adulto es muy importante para la identificación y manejo del riesgo de las enfermedades cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares. A descriptive study was performed to determine the risk factors on 665 healthy people of the Valle University Health Service in Cali, Colombia during 1999-2000. Were included 166 (25.2%) professors, 290 (43.6%) employees, 108 (16.2%) active workers, and 16 (2.4%) retired persons. The mean age was 43 ± 7.8 mm Hg, the weight mean was 67.6 kg, the BMI mean was 24.7, auand the mean blood pressure was 111/ 75 mm Hg. Systolic hypertension (140 mm Hg or more) was identified in 7% subjects and diastolic hypertension (90 mm Hg or more) in 12% subjects, overweight in 39% (BMI 26-29) subjects and obesity (BMI 30 or more) in 6% subjects. Diabetes mellitus (fasting glucose levels 125 mg/dl or more) was observed in 2%, hypercholesterol levels (200 mg/dl ore more) in 42% subjects, hypertryglicerids levels in 34% subjects, high arterial index (5 or more) in 23% subjects. The prostate specific antigen (PSA) was high (4 or more) in 7% subjects, VDRL test was positive in 1% subjects. The cervical smear was inflammatory in 9.6% women and the breast exam was abnormal in 8.1% women in reproductive age. The bivariate analysis showed an association between age, overweight and systolic blood pressure (r= 0.48, C.I. 95%= 0.42-0.54, p < 0.05). Results of this study showed a high prevalence of risk factors to cardiovascular and cancer disease.